X CLASS, ENGLISH TWO STORIES OF FLYING ,INTIGRATED GRAMMAR WORKSHEETS

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CBSE Class 10 English

First Flight - Chapter 3

TWO STORIES ABOUT FLYING

Part I: His First Flight by Liam O'Flaherty

Part II: Black Aeroplane by Frederick Forsyth

Academic Year: 2025-2026

Source: englishwithmrk.co.in

Table of Contents

1. About the Authors (Liam O'Flaherty & Frederick Forsyth)
2. Character Analysis (Both Stories)
3. Conceptual Tree Diagrams
4. Key Vocabulary (Tri-Lingual)
5. Summary & Analysis (Both Stories)
6. Comprehension Passages (5 Sets)
7. Integrated Grammar Worksheets (5 Sets - 15 Questions Each)
8. Answer Keys with Marking Scheme

Section 1: About the Authors

Part I: Liam O'Flaherty

Aspect	Details
Full Name	Liam O'Flaherty
Birth-Death	28 August 1896 – 7 September 1984
Nationality	Irish
Birthplace	Inishmore, Aran Islands, County Galway, Ireland
Literary Movement	Irish Literary Revival, Naturalism
Writing Style	O'Flaherty's writing is characterized by stark realism, vivid descriptions of nature, and psychological depth. His stories often feature detailed observations of animal behavior and natural settings. He employs simple yet powerful language, creating tension through careful pacing and atmospheric descriptions. His narratives frequently explore themes of survival, instinct, and the relationship between creatures and their environment.
Major Themes	Nature and natural instincts Survival and adaptation Fear and courage Family relationships Coming of age Irish rural life
Notable Works	The Informer (1925) - His most famous novel The Assassin (1928) The Puritan (1931) Famine (1937) Numerous short stories about Irish life and nature
Relevance to Story	"His First Flight" exemplifies O'Flaherty's naturalistic approach, using a young seagull's first flight as an allegory for overcoming fear and trusting one's instincts. The story reflects his deep observation of nature and animal behavior.

Part II: Frederick Forsyth

Aspect	Details
Full Name	Frederick McCarthy Forsyth
Born	25 August 1938 (Age 87)
Nationality	English (British)
Birthplace	Ashford, Kent, England
Profession	Novelist, journalist, former RAF pilot
Literary Genre	Thriller, Suspense, Espionage
Writing Style	Forsyth is renowned for his meticulously researched, realistic thrillers. His writing features precise technical details, creating authentic atmospheres of suspense. He employs tight plotting, unexpected twists, and thorough research. His narratives often involve political intrigue, espionage, and international conspiracies. His style is journalistic, clear, and fast-paced.
Major Themes	Mystery and suspense Political intrigue International espionage Technology and aviation Supernatural elements (occasionally) Moral dilemmas
Notable Works	The Day of the Jackal (1971) The Odessa File (1972) The Dogs of War (1974) The Fourth Protocol (1984) The Fist of God (1994)
Relevance to Story	"Black Aeroplane" showcases Forsyth's ability to create suspense and mystery. Drawing on his experience as a pilot, he crafts a supernatural tale that blends realistic aviation details with inexplicable phenomena, creating an eerie, thought-provoking narrative.

Section 2: Character Analysis

Part I: His First Flight - Characters

Character	Role	Characteristics	Evidence from Text
Young Seagull (Protagonist)	Central character learning to fly	Initially fearful and timid Lacks self-confidence Hungry and desperate Eventually brave and successful Learns through necessity	"He was afraid to fly" "How could he tell them that he was afraid?" "He felt certain that his wings would never support him" "He had taken his first flight" Overcomes fear when driven by hunger
Mother Seagull	Uses tough love to teach her son	Wise and strategic Patient yet firm Uses hunger as motivation Caring but practical	Tears pieces of fish and flies near him without giving it "She was nearer to him now, and he could see her plainly" Uses food to lure him into flight Successfully teaches through motivation
Father, Brothers, and Sister	Supporting family members	Already confident flyers Encouraging Successful	"His two brothers and sister had already flown away" "Calling to him shrilly, upbraiding him" "Flying around him"

Part II: Black Aeroplane - Characters

Character	Role	Characteristics	Evidence from Text
The Narrator/Pilot	Protagonist experiencing mysterious event	Experienced pilot Initially confident Desperate when in danger Grateful to mysterious helper Left puzzled and questioning	"I was flying my old Dakota" "I was eager to get home" "I knew I could not fly up and over them" "I was glad to see another person" "I looked for my friend in the black aeroplane, but the sky was empty"
The Mysterious Pilot	Supernatural guide/helper	Appears suddenly Silent communicator Helpful and guiding Disappears mysteriously Possibly supernatural	"Another aeroplane! It had no lights on its wings" "The pilot waved at me" "I followed him" "He was there, flying in front of me" No record of the plane at the control tower
The Woman at Control	Ground staff providing information	Matter-of-fact Puzzled by pilot's question Provides factual information	"There was no other aeroplane flying in the sky" Confirms narrator was alone Deepens the mystery

Section 4: Key Vocabulary (Tri-Lingual Academic Table)

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Note: All definitions based on Oxford/Cambridge Dictionary standards from NCERT text context.

Word	English Meaning	Telugu	Hindi	Synonym	Antonym
Ledge	A narrow horizontal surface projecting from a wall, cliff, or other surface	అంచు, కొన	किनारा, चट्टान	Shelf, Ridge	N/A
Brink	The extreme edge of land before a steep slope or a body of water	అంచు, అంచుదాటు	किनारा, कगार	Edge, Verge	Center, Interior
Muster	Collect or gather (to muster courage = to gather courage)	సేకరించు, సమీకరించు	इकट्ठा करना, जुटाना	Gather, Summon	Disperse, Scatter
Flapped	Moved wings up and down	రెక్కలు ఊపు	पंख फड़फड़ाना	Beat, Flutter	Still, Motionless
Upbraiding	Scolding or reproaching severely	తిట్టు, నిందించు	फटकारना, डांटना	Scolding, Rebuking	Praising, Complimenting
Preening	(Of a bird) tidying and cleaning feathers with beak	ఈకలు సరిచేయు	पंख साफ करना	Grooming, Cleaning	Neglecting, Dirtying
Herring	A type of small sea fish	చేపల రకం	मछली का प्रकार	Fish	N/A
Devoured	Ate hungrily or quickly	ఆత్రంగా తిను	लालच से खाना	Consumed, Gobbled	Nibbled, Sipped
Shrilly	In a high-pitched and piercing voice or sound	చురుకైన స్వరంతో	तीखी आवाज़ में	Piercingly, Sharply	Softly, Gently
Plunge	Jump or dive quickly and energetically	దూకు, దూసుకుపో	गोता लगाना, कूदना	Dive, Drop	Rise, Ascend
Soar	Fly or rise high in the air	ఎగురు, ఎగురుపోవు	उड़ना, ऊंचा उड़ना	Fly, Glide	Plummet, Fall
Curvetting	Leaping or prancing about	దుముకు, దూకు	उछलना, कूदना	Leaping, Jumping	Standing, Resting
Beckoning	Making a gesture to encourage someone to approach	పిలుచు, సైగ చేయు	इशारा करना, बुलाना	Signaling, Summoning	Dismissing, Repelling
Taunted	Provoked or challenged in a mocking way	ఎగతాళి చేయు	चिढ़ाना, ताना मारना	Mocked, Teased	Praised, Encouraged
Derisively	In a manner expressing contempt or ridicule	అవమానకరంగా	उपहास से, तिरस्कारपूर्ण	Mockingly, Scornfully	Respectfully, Admiringly
Scrapped	Scraped or rubbed against	రాసు, గోకు	रगड़ना, खुरचना	Scratched, Rubbed	Smoothed, Polished
Monstrous	Extremely large; frightening	భయంకరమైన, పెద్ద	विशाल, भयानक	Huge, Enormous	Tiny, Small
Obedient	Complying with orders or requests; dutiful	విధేయత, విను	आज्ञाकारी, विनम्र	Compliant, Dutiful	Disobedient, Rebellious
Compass	An instrument for determining directions	దిక్సూచి	दिशासूचक यंत्र, कंपास	Navigator, Direction-finder	N/A
Twisting	Turning or bending from a straight form	మెలిపెట్టు, తిప్పు	मोड़ना, घुमाना	Turning, Winding	Straightening
Desperate	Feeling or showing extreme urgency or intensity	నిరాశగా, తీవ్రంగా	हताश, बेताब	Frantic, Urgent	Calm, Hopeful
Startled	Surprised or frightened suddenly	ఆశ్చర్యపోయిన	चौंकना, घबराना	Shocked, Alarmed	Calm, Composed
Strange	Unusual or surprising; difficult to understand	వింత, అసాధారణ	अजीब, अनोखा	Odd, Peculiar	Normal, Ordinary
Engulfed	Completely surrounded or covered	చుట్టుముట్టు	घेरना, ढक लेना	Surrounded, Enveloped	Released, Freed
Relieved	No longer feeling distressed or anxious	ఉపశమనం	राहत, चैन	Comforted, Eased	Worried, Anxious

Section 7: Integrated Grammar Worksheets

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5 Complete Worksheets • 15 Questions Each • Detailed Solutions

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✓ Voice (Active-Passive) • ✓ Narration (Direct-Indirect) • ✓ Editing • ✓ Sentence Transformation • ✓ Integrated Grammar

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GRAMMAR WORKSHEET 1: VOICE (Active & Passive)

Based on: Two Stories about Flying

Time: 30 minutes | Marks: 15

Name: ________________________ Class: X Roll No: ____

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Instructions: Change the voice of the following sentences. Each question carries 1 mark.

1. The young seagull was afraid to fly.
2. His mother was tearing at a piece of fish.
3. The whole family was flying around the cliff.
4. He had not eaten anything since the previous nightfall.
5. The sight of the food maddened him.
6. His mother was beckoning him to come to her.
7. He could not muster up courage to fly.
8. The family had been taunting him for his cowardice.
9. The narrator was flying his old Dakota aeroplane.
10. Black clouds had engulfed the plane completely.
11. The pilot saw another black aeroplane in the storm.
12. The mysterious pilot guided the narrator through the storm.
13. The woman at the control centre confirmed the information.
14. Nobody had seen the black aeroplane on the radar.
15. The strange experience puzzled the pilot greatly.

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GRAMMAR WORKSHEET 2: NARRATION (Direct & Indirect Speech)

Based on: Two Stories about Flying

Time: 30 minutes | Marks: 15

Name: ________________________ Class: X Roll No: ____

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Instructions: Change the narration of the following sentences. Each question carries 1 mark.

1. The young seagull thought, "I can never fly with these short wings."
2. His mother said to him, "Jump off the ledge and your wings will support you."
3. His brothers and sister called shrilly, "Come and join us!"
4. The seagull cried, "I am falling! My wings won't support me!"
5. He realized, "I am flying! I can fly!"
6. The narrator thought, "Paris is about 150 kilometers from here."
7. He said to himself, "I should call Paris Control for help."
8. The pilot asked himself, "Where am I?"
9. He thought desperately, "I will not have enough fuel to go back to Paris."
10. The mysterious pilot signaled, "Follow me."
11. The narrator wondered, "Who is this pilot in the storm?"
12. He asked the woman, "Where can I find the pilot who helped me?"
13. The woman replied, "There was no other aeroplane flying in the sky tonight."
14. The pilot exclaimed, "This is impossible! I saw another plane clearly!"
15. He questioned, "Who was the pilot in the black aeroplane?"

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GRAMMAR WORKSHEET 3: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

Based on: Two Stories about Flying

Time: 30 minutes | Marks: 15

Name: ________________________ Class: X Roll No: ____

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Instructions: Transform the sentences as directed. Each question carries 1 mark.

1. The young seagull was very afraid. (Change to Exclamatory)
2. The seagull had not eaten anything since the previous nightfall. (Use: last time)
3. His mother was tearing at a piece of fish. (Change to Passive Voice)
4. He felt that his wings would never support him. (Change to Direct Speech)
5. The seagull was too frightened to fly. (Remove 'too...to')
6. He ran forward and fell outwards. He opened his wings. (Combine using participle)
7. As soon as he jumped, he began to fly. (Use: No sooner...than)
8. The narrator was flying his old Dakota. It was half past one at night. (Combine using 'when')
9. The clouds were very black. They looked like mountains. (Combine using 'so...that')
10. The pilot saw another aeroplane. The aeroplane had no lights. (Combine using relative pronoun)
11. He was glad to see another person. (Change the degree)
12. He looked for the black aeroplane but the sky was empty. (Begin with: Although...)
13. Besides being mysterious, the event was frightening. (Begin with: Not only...)
14. The woman said that no other aeroplane was flying. (Change to Direct Speech)
15. It was a strange experience. (Change to Interrogative - Rhetorical Question)

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GRAMMAR WORKSHEET 4: EDITING & ERROR CORRECTION

Based on: Two Stories about Flying

Time: 30 minutes | Marks: 15

Name: ________________________ Class: X Roll No: ____

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Part A: Identify and correct the errors (10 marks)

Instructions: The following passage has ONE error in each line. Identify and correct.

Line	Text	Error	Correction
1	A young seagull was standing at the brink of	________	________
2	a cliff. He was alone because he were afraid	________	________
3	to fly. His two brother and sister had already	________	________
4	flown away the previous day. He has watched	________	________
5	them running to a edge of the ledge, flapping	________	________
6	their wings and flying away. But he can not	________	________
7	muster up enough courage. His mother promise	________	________
8	to teach him how flying. She held a piece of	________	________
9	fish in her beak and fly close to him. The sight	________	________
10	of food drive him mad and he jumped off.	________	________

Part B: Omission Exercise (5 marks)

Instructions: The following passage has 5 words omitted. Mark with '^' and write the omitted word.

The narrator flying his old Dakota aeroplane England to France. It was night and he was eager get home. Suddenly, he saw huge black clouds. He knew could not fly over them. He decided to take risk and fly straight through them. Inside clouds, everything went wrong.

Omission Number	Omitted Word
1. ________	________
2. ________	________
3. ________	________
4. ________	________
5. ________	________

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GRAMMAR WORKSHEET 5: INTEGRATED GRAMMAR PRACTICE

Based on: Two Stories about Flying

Time: 30 minutes | Marks: 15

Name: ________________________ Class: X Roll No: ____

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Instructions: Do as directed. Each question carries 1 mark.

1. Fill in the blank with correct form:
   The young seagull _________ (stand) on the ledge for the last 24 hours.
2. Rewrite using 'despite':
   Although he was hungry, he was afraid to fly.
3. Change to Passive Voice:
   His mother was holding a piece of fish in her beak.
4. Change to Indirect Speech:
   The seagull said to himself, "Why doesn't she come closer?"
5. Combine using a relative pronoun:
   He saw his mother. She was beckoning him to fly.
6. Identify the tense:
   He had not eaten anything since the previous nightfall.
7. Change to Comparative Degree:
   It was the most frightening experience of his life.
8. Fill in with appropriate modal:
   He felt that his wings _________ never support him.
9. Rewrite using 'such...that':
   The sight was very maddening. He dived at the fish.
10. Change to Active Voice:
    The plane was being guided by a mysterious pilot.
11. Use the correct preposition:
    The narrator was flying _________ Paris _________ England.
12. Change to Negative:
    The woman saw another aeroplane on the radar.
13. Rewrite as a question:
    The black aeroplane was indeed mysterious.
14. Join using 'not only...but also':
    The experience was strange. It was frightening too.
15. Correct the sentence:
    Each of the seagulls were flying around the cliff.

Section 8: Detailed Answer Keys with Marking Scheme

🔐 Complete Answer Keys Available

Step-by-step solutions • Marking scheme • Alternative answers

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Answer Key: Grammar Worksheet 1 (Voice)

1. Answer: Flying frightened the young seagull. [1]
2. Answer: A piece of fish was being torn by his mother. [1]
3. Answer: (No change - already in active voice, no object to convert) The cliff was being flown around by the whole family. [1]
4. Answer: Nothing had been eaten by him since the previous nightfall. [1]
5. Answer: He was maddened by the sight of the food. [1]
6. Answer: He was being beckoned by his mother to come to her. [1]
7. Answer: Courage to fly could not be mustered up by him. [1]
8. Answer: He had been being taunted for his cowardice by the family. [1]
9. Answer: The old Dakota aeroplane was being flown by the narrator. [1]
10. Answer: The plane had been engulfed completely by black clouds. [1]
11. Answer: Another black aeroplane was seen by the pilot in the storm. [1]
12. Answer: The narrator was guided through the storm by the mysterious pilot. [1]
13. Answer: The information was confirmed by the woman at the control centre. [1]
14. Answer: The black aeroplane had been seen by nobody on the radar. [1]
15. Answer: The pilot was puzzled greatly by the strange experience. [1]

Answer Key: Grammar Worksheet 2 (Narration)

1. Answer: The young seagull thought that he could never fly with those short wings. [1]
2. Answer: His mother told him to jump off the ledge and said that his wings would support him. [1]
3. Answer: His brothers and sister called shrilly to him to come and join them. [1]
4. Answer: The seagull cried that he was falling and his wings wouldn't support him. [1]
5. Answer: He realized with joy that he was flying and that he could fly. [1]
6. Answer: The narrator thought that Paris was about 150 kilometers from there. [1]
7. Answer: He told himself that he should call Paris Control for help. [1]
8. Answer: The pilot asked himself where he was. [1]
9. Answer: He thought desperately that he would not have enough fuel to go back to Paris. [1]
10. Answer: The mysterious pilot signaled him to follow him. [1]
11. Answer: The narrator wondered who that pilot in the storm was. [1]
12. Answer: He asked the woman where he could find the pilot who had helped him. [1]
13. Answer: The woman replied that there had been no other aeroplane flying in the sky that night. [1]
14. Answer: The pilot exclaimed that it was impossible and that he had seen another plane clearly. [1]
15. Answer: He questioned who the pilot in the black aeroplane had been. [1]

Answer Key: Grammar Worksheet 4 (Editing)

Part A: Error Correction

1. Error: (No error) [1]
2. Error: were | Correction: was (Singular subject 'he') [1]
3. Error: brother | Correction: brothers (Plural needed) [1]
4. Error: has | Correction: had (Past perfect needed) [1]
5. Error: a | Correction: the (Definite article) [1]
6. Error: can | Correction: could (Past tense) [1]
7. Error: promise | Correction: promised (Past tense) [1]
8. Error: flying | Correction: to fly (Infinitive needed) [1]
9. Error: fly | Correction: flew (Past tense) [1]
10. Error: drive | Correction: drove (Past tense) [1]

Part B: Omission

1. Omission after "flying": was [1]
2. Omission after "from": England (alternatively before "England") [1]
3. Omission before "get": to [1]
4. Omission before "could": he [1]
5. Omission before "clouds": the [1]

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"The bird who dares to fall is the bird who learns to fly." - Anonymous