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Language Syllabus Overview
Grade 9 Languages
Syllabus 2026–27
A comprehensive overview of the newly drafted NCERT curriculum for English and Hindi at the secondary stage, aligned with the National Curriculum Framework for School Education 2023 (NCF-SE 2023) and the National Education Policy 2020.
Subject · English (R2)
English Language Education
at the Secondary Stage
As per NCF-SE 2023, students learn three languages (R1, R2, R3) from Grade 6 to Grade 10. English as R2 must be mastered in independent speaking, reading, and writing by age 14 (Grade 9). The curriculum focuses on six core goals that shape every aspect of teaching and learning.
Core Goals
Oracy & Literacy
- Fluency in spoken expression and comprehension
- Critical reading, writing, and comprehension
- Foundation for all other curricular areas
Effective Communication
- Critical thinking and rational argumentation
- Identifying and solving real-world problems
- Democratic, social, and cultural participation
Literary & Creative Capacities
- Appreciation of literary aesthetics
- Creative and imaginative written/spoken expression
- Poetry, prose, storytelling, word games, riddles
Multilingual Capacities
- Independent speaker, reader, writer in 3 languages
- R2 mastery by age 11 (Grade 6); R3 by Grade 9
- Communication for social and academic purposes
Cultural Appreciation
- Immersion in India's rich linguistic cultures
- Classical and regional literature samples
- Language as vehicle for heritage and identity
Indian Knowledge System
- Emotional intelligence and social feeling
- Aesthetics, environment, self, society, civilisation
- National pride and ethical values through literature
Curricular Goals & Competencies — Grade 9 (R2)
CG–1
Effective Communication — Oral & Written
C-1.1
Language in Context
Uses language appropriate to social context; expresses agreements and disagreements with reasoning; participates in discussions and debates; writes on social events and issues.
C-1.2
Writing Styles
Writes in narrative, descriptive, expository, and persuasive styles from personal and others' experiences; includes proper structure with heading, middle, and ending.
C-1.3
Real-Life Writing
Writes invitations, notices, condolence messages, advertisements, and creative slogans; contributes to school newsletter, magazine, and journal.
C-1.4
Technology Use
Uses ICT tools and diverse media resources to create visuals, oral, and textual content based on real-life situations.
CG–2
Reasoning & Argumentation
C-2.1
Analysis
Listens to and analyses audio and written material; notes key details; distinguishes facts from opinions; interprets diagrams, charts, and tables.
C-2.2
Argumentation
Applies logical reasoning to evaluate cause-and-effect; detects inconsistencies; arrives at informed judgements through reflective writing.
CG–3
Literary Appreciation & Creative Expression
C-3.1
Literary Genres
Reads literature from early, medieval, and contemporary periods; appreciates aesthetics and characteristics across humour, suspense, and tragedy genres.
C-3.2
Close Reading
Analyses literary texts through close reading; critiques form and style; infers meaning; identifies different points of view; analyses word choice and sentence structure.
C-3.3
Literary Devices
Identifies and uses literary devices in both reading and writing. Key devices include:
Content Selection Guidelines
Themes & Topics
- Traffic jams, town planning, floods, drought, pollution
- Environment, health, well-being, social issues
- Local and real-life contexts familiar to students
Formal Writing
- Letters for college applications, scholarships, bank loans
- Government office applications and forms
- Reports, articles, features, news items
Creative Content
- Advertisements, posters, banners, headlines
- Social media scripts, YouTube channel scripts, podcasts
- Poems, stories, plays with literary devices
Literary Content
- Regional, national, and global writers
- Poetry, prose, drama, autobiographies, travelogues, memoirs
- Fiction and non-fiction materials
Linguistic Skills
- Punctuation marks, gender usage, sentence structures
- Tenses and grammar in context
- Vocabulary expansion through literature
Values & Heritage
- NEP 2020 and Constitutional values
- Unity in diversity; IKS connections
- Social, emotional, ethical, aesthetic sensibilities
Pedagogy of Languages
Learning Approaches
- Experiential, activity, and discussion-based
- Gamification, apps, films, theatre, storytelling, music
- Self-learning and reduced teacher dependence
- Pre-reading and post-reading activities
Oral Presentations
- Role play, group discussion, debate, interviews
- Open house dialogue and extempore talks
- Club-based activities and school assembly platforms
- Listening skills — summarising and active attention
Reading Skills
- Literary language analysis — form and vocabulary
- Critical reading — meaning-making from varied texts
- Multicultural texts from different Indian regions
- School literature club, poetry house, fiction groups
Writing Skills
- Functional: reports, essays, letters, blogs, notices
- Literary: poems, stories, plays with literary devices
- Scripted videos, educational YouTube, podcasts
- Critical reviews connecting literature to history/society
Assessment Framework
Formative Assessment
ONGOING- Projects, debates, presentations, role plays
- Journals, portfolios, self-assessment
- MCQs and short/long answer questions
- Case-based, simulation, essay-type questions
- Oral tests — reading aloud, recitation, discussion
- Graphic organisers and visual response tasks
- Open-book tests and practical tests
Summative Assessment
END OF TERM- Board examinations (where applicable)
- Competency-based questions — no rote learning
- Written tests — objective and constructed response
- Oral assessments — debates, discussions
- Holistic Progress Cards (HPCs)
- Achievement of Learning Standards
- Standardised tests aligned with Curricular Goals
The shift requires that students' contexts and experiences become part of the pedagogical processes. Students must be trained to read independently and intelligently, interact actively with texts and other reference materials.
— NCERT Grade 9 English Syllabus Draft, 2026विषय · हिंदी (कक्षा 9–10)
हिंदी भाषा पाठ्यक्रम
Hindi Language Curriculum
NCERT की नई पाठ्यपुस्तक (NCF-SE 2023 के अनुरूप) कक्षा 9 के लिए व्याकरण, आकलन, और भाषाई कौशलों पर केंद्रित है। The Hindi syllabus covers comprehensive grammar, 360-degree assessment, and is aligned with NEP 2020 philosophy.
व्याकरण बिंदु — Grammar Topics (Class 9–10)
| Category | Hindi Term | English Equivalent |
|---|---|---|
| Parts of Speech | संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, विशेषण, क्रिया, क्रियाविशेषण | Noun, Pronoun, Adjective, Verb, Adverb |
| Grammar Basics | लिंग, वचन, काल | Gender, Number, Tense |
| Word Formation | उपसर्ग, प्रत्यय, परसर्ग | Prefix, Suffix, Postposition |
| Voice | कर्तृवाच्य, कर्मवाच्य | Active Voice, Passive Voice |
| Vocabulary | समानार्थी, विपरीतार्थक, अनेकार्थी शब्द | Synonyms, Antonyms, Homonyms / Multiple-meaning Words |
| Expressions | मुहावरे और लोकोक्तियाँ | Idioms and Proverbs |
| Punctuation | निपात, विराम चिह्न | Particles, Punctuation Marks |
| Figures of Speech | उपमा, अनुप्रास, मानवीकरण, उत्प्रेक्षा, रूपक, विरोधाभास, प्रतीक, बिंब | Simile, Alliteration, Personification, Metaphor, Paradox, Symbol, Imagery |
आकलन की प्रक्रिया — Assessment Process
360° Assessment Approach
- Based on NEP 2020's holistic 360-degree model
- Focus on originality and creativity in language use
- Assessment as learning, not just of learning
Student-Centred Goals
- Identifying students' interests, aptitudes, and abilities
- Constructive suggestions to improve expression
- Positive attitude toward each student's learning capacity
Multi-Perspective Evaluation
- Self-assessment by the student
- Peer assessment by fellow students
- Teacher-defined benchmarks
- Parent involvement in assessment process
Inside & Outside Classroom
- Assessment within classroom activities
- Outside classroom participation
- Adaptation and accommodation for challenged learners
NEP 2020 Philosophy — Referenced in Hindi Section
Shift in Education Focus
- From content-loading to skill development
- Problem-solving and creative/logical thinking
- Finding interdisciplinary connections
Learner-Centred Approach
- Curiosity, exploration, experience, and dialogue
- Flexible and holistic education
- Developing autonomous, lifelong learners
Balanced Curriculum
- Science, Maths, Arts, Craft, Humanities
- Sports, fitness, language, literature, culture
- Values and character building alongside academics
Character Building
- Ethics, compassion, and sensitivity
- Logical and rational thinking
- Employment-readiness alongside moral development
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Official Textbook
English & Hindi: Newly developed NCERT Class 9 textbooks as per the National Curriculum Framework for School Education 2023 (NCF-SE 2023), developed by NCERT (राष्ट्रीय शैक्षिक अनुसंधान और प्रशिक्षण परिषद). This is a DRAFT syllabus dated 03-02-2026 for the academic session 2026–27.
📄
Source Document
Grade 9 Part 1 Syllabus 2026–27 — Languages (Extracted PDF)
This article is based on the official NCERT draft PDF titled "Secondary Stage (Phase I) | Grade 9 (Part 1) — Language and Hindi / English and Sanskrit", dated 03 February 2026. Prepared under the National Curriculum Framework for School Education 2023 (NCF-SE 2023) and aligned with National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020).
NCF-SE 2023
NEP 2020
NCERT Draft
Grade 9 · 2026–27
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DISCLAIMER: This article is for educational and informational purposes only. All syllabus content belongs to NCERT, New Delhi. This is a DRAFT document subject to change before final publication. | Compiled for student reference by EnglishWithMRK · RK
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